Targeting Cancer Stem Cells with Phytochemicals

Table 1.

Targeting Cancer Stem Cell Properties

Targeted process	Specific Target(s)	Phytochemical(s) [origin]
P-gp, P-glycoprotein; MRP, multidrug resistance-related protein;ABCG2, ATP-binding cassette transporter G2; MXR, mitoxantrone resistance protein; NF-κB, Nuclear factor-kappaB; RAR, Retinoic Acid Receptor.
	P-gp	Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) [green tea]
Drug efflux	MRP1, 4, and 5	Quercitin [capers, apples, berries]  Silymarin [blessed milk thistle]
	ABCG2	Curcumin [tumeric]
	P-gp, ABCG2 (MXR), and MRP1	Tetrahydrocurcumin [tumeric]
Apoptosis	NF-κB	Parthenolide [feverfew]
Differentiation	RAR	Retinoic acid [carrots, spinach, eggs]